Search scientific literature and read full-text content from peer-reviewed papers. Use `dois` (preferred) or `titles` with targeted `term` queries to extract full-text passages from specific papers. Each call returns up to 5 relevant excerpts (~500 chars each): vary search terms across calls to read through a paper section by section. **IMPORTANT: keep `limit` small.** Use `limit: 10-50` with `offset` for pagination. Large limits with full citations and excerpts produce very large payloads that consume significant LLM context. **Calling with no parameters browses the corpus** (210M+ papers, relevance-sorted). This is allowed for broad exploration but rarely what you want: pass `term`, `dois`, `titles`, or other filters for targeted results. **What This Tool Returns:** - Paper metadata: title, authors (first 3), abstract, DOI, journal, year, volume, issue, page - `fulltextExcerpts`: up to 5 passages (~500 chars) from the paper matching your query (OA only) - `access`: resolved access link with source, type (open/institutional/purchase), content type, and pricing - `citations`: Smart Citation statements: actual quoted text from citing papers, classified as supporting/contrasting/mentioning/unclassified (unclassified = statement present but classifier hasn't assigned a type) - `tally`: citation metrics (total, supporting, contrasting, mentioning, citing publications) - `editorialNotices`: editorial notices (retraction, correction, concern, erratum), each with status, noticeDoi, date - `isOa`, `oaStatus`, `license`: open access information **Fetching Paper Metadata (no search term needed):** Pass `dois` or `titles` WITHOUT a `term` to retrieve metadata for specific papers. Example: `dois: ["10.1038/s41586-020-2012-7"]` **Full-Text Excerpts:** For OA papers, `fulltextExcerpts` contains passages matching your query. If empty, the full text is not indexed or terms didn't match: use the `access` field for the best link to the PDF or full text. **Smart Citations ARE Full-Text Evidence:** - `snippet`: exact sentence/paragraph from the citing paper's full text - `type`: classification (supporting, contrasting, mentioning, unclassified) - `section`: paper section (Introduction, Methods, Results, Discussion) - `sourceDoi`: paper containing this snippet; `targetDoi`: paper being cited **Search Capabilities:** - Boolean operators: AND, OR, NOT - Phrase search: "exact phrase" - Proximity: "term1 term2"~5 - Field filters: title, abstract, author, journal, year, affiliation - Citation filters: supporting_from/to, contrasting_from/to, mentioning_from/to - Editorial filters: has_retraction, has_concern, has_correction, has_erratum **Parameters:** - `term`: cross-field search query (optional when `dois`/`titles` provided) - `dois`: array of DOIs to filter to specific papers - `titles`: array of titles to filter (use when DOIs unavailable) - `limit`: max results (default: 10, max: 1000) - `offset`: pagination offset - Plus 20+ filter parameters (see schema) **Response Format:** ```json { "hits": [{ "doi": "10.1234/example", "title": "Paper Title", "authors": [{"authorName": "Jane Smith"}], "abstract": "Full abstract text...", "year": 2023, "journal": "Nature", "tally": {"supporting": 32, "contrasting": 8, "mentioning": 5}, "fulltextExcerpts": ["Relevant passage..."], "access": {"url": "https://...", "accessType": "open", "contentType": "pdf"}, "citations": [{"snippet": "These findings...", "type": "supporting", "section": "Results"}], "editorialNotices": [{"status": "retracted", "noticeDoi": "10.1234/notice", "date": "2021"}] }] } ```
Parameters
Filter by text in publication abstract. Example: 'neural networks'
Filter by author institutional affiliation. Example: 'Stanford University' or 'MIT'
Filter by author name. Partial names work. Example: 'Einstein' or 'Albert Einstein'
Minimum number of total citing publications (traditional citation count)
Maximum number of total citing publications (traditional citation count)
Restrict the search to the papers in one of the user's Collections (a saved, named set of papers). Pass the Collection slug from `create_collection` or `search_collections`. Combine with `term` and other filters to search within that Collection.
Minimum number of contrasting Smart Citations. Example: 5 = papers with at least 5 contrasting citations
Maximum number of contrasting Smart Citations. Example: 20 = papers with up to 20 contrasting citations
Filter papers published from this date onwards. Format: YYYY-MM-DD or YYYY. Example: '2015-01-01' or '2015'
Filter papers published up to this date. Format: YYYY-MM-DD or YYYY. Example: '2023-12-31' or '2023'
Filter results to specific DOIs. Use WITHOUT `term` to fetch paper metadata (title, abstract, citations, access URL). Use WITH `term` to search within those papers for full-text excerpts. Prefer DOIs over titles as they are exact matches. Example: ['10.1038/s41586-020-2649-2'].
Filter papers with editorial concerns. true = papers with concerns
Filter papers with corrections. true = papers with published corrections
Filter papers with errata. true = papers with published errata
Filter papers with retraction notices. true = retracted papers only
Filter papers with Smart Citations (tally > 0). true = papers that have been cited with context
Filter by journal name. Example: 'Nature' or 'Science'
Maximum number of results to return. Default: 10, Maximum: 1000. For better performance, use smaller limits (10-50) and pagination.
Minimum number of mentioning Smart Citations. Example: 50 = papers with at least 50 mentioning citations
Maximum number of mentioning Smart Citations
Pagination offset for result sets. Use with limit for pagination. Example: offset=20, limit=10 returns results 21-30.
Filter by publication type. Examples: 'Article', 'Review', 'Clinical Trial', 'Meta-Analysis', 'Case Report'
Filter by publisher name. Example: 'Elsevier' or 'Springer'
Minimum number of supporting Smart Citations. Example: 10 = papers with at least 10 supporting citations
Maximum number of supporting Smart Citations. Example: 100 = papers with up to 100 supporting citations
Cross-field search query. Optional when `dois` or `titles` is provided (omit to fetch metadata only). IMPORTANT: Use domain-specific technical terms, not broad phrases: the index covers all academic fields so ambiguous terms return irrelevant results. Supports Boolean operators (AND, OR, NOT), phrase search ("exact phrase"), proximity search ("term1 term2"~5). Searches across title, abstract, and full-text. Example: "PAC learning" AND "generalization bounds" AND "neural networks"
Filter by text in publication title. Example: 'climate change'
Filter results to papers matching these titles. Use WITHOUT `term` to fetch paper metadata, or WITH `term` to search within those papers. Use when DOIs are not available: prefer `dois` when possible. Example: ['Attention is all you need'].
Filter by research topic/subject area. Example: 'Oncology' or 'Neuroscience'
Filter by specific publication year. Example: 2020. Cannot be combined with date_from/date_to.